Ubuntu 配置网络命令

以eth0为例


1. 以DHCP方式配置网卡

编辑文件: /etc/network/interfaces:

sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces


并用下面的行来替换有关eth0的行:

# The primary network interface,
# use DHCP to find our address
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

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用下面的命令使网络设置生效:

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

当然,也可以在命令行下直接输入下面的命令来获取地址

sudo dhclient eth0



2. 为网卡配置静态IP地址

编辑文件: /etc/network/interfaces:

sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces


并用下面的行来替换有关eth0的行:

# The primary network interface,
# use Static to find our address
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.98
gateway 192.168.1.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.1.0
broadcast 192.168.1.255

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用下面的命令使网络设置生效:

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

注: 生效后,需要配置DNS后才可上网(步骤5)

3. 设定第二个IP地址(虚拟IP地址)

编辑文件/etc/network/interfaces:

sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces


在该文件中添加如下的行:

auto eth0:1
iface eth0:1 inet static
address 192.168.1.60
netmask 255.255.255.0
network x.x.x.x
broadcast x.x.x.x
gateway x.x.x.x

根据你的情况填上所有诸如address,netmask,network,broadcast和gateways等信息.

用下面的命令使网络设置生效:

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart


4. 设置主机名称(hostname)

使用下面的命令来查看当前主机的主机名称:

sudo /bin/hostname


使用下面的命令来设置当前主机的主机名称:

sudo /bin/hostname newname

系统启动时,它会从/etc/hostname来读取主机的名称.

关于设置主机名称的更多信息,请访问这里

5. 配置DNS

首先,你可以在/etc/hosts中加入一些主机名称和这些主机名称对应的IP地址

要访问DNS 服务器来进行查询,需要设置/etc/resolv.conf文件.

例如: 假设DNS服务器的IP地址是192.168.1.1

编辑文件: /etc/hosts

sudo vi /etc/hosts


编辑内容如下:

nameserver 192.168.1.1

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或者,编辑/etc/resolv.conf,添加内容如下:

sudo vi /etc/resolv.conf

Ubuntu 配置网络命令插图3

用下面的命令使网络设置生效:

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

Ubuntu 关闭防火墙

root@ubuntu:/home/homer# ufw status // 查看状态
Status: inactive
root@ubuntu:/home/homer#
ufw enable // 打开防火墙
Firewall is active and enabled on system startup
root@ubuntu:/home/homer#
ufw status
Status: active
root@ubuntu:/home/homer# ufw disable // 关闭防火墙
Firewall stopped and disabled on system startup
root@ubuntu:/home/homer#
ufw status
Status: inactive

1、关闭ubuntu的防火墙
ufw disable
2、卸载了iptables
apt-get remove iptables
3、关闭ubuntu中的防火墙的其余命令
iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT
iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
iptables -F

CentOS 关闭防火墙

/etc/init.d/iptables stop

[root@homeros logs]# /etc/init.d/iptables status // 查看防火墙状态
iptables: Firewall is not running.
[root@homeros logs]# /etc/init.d/iptables start // 开启防火墙
iptables: Applying firewall rules: [ OK ]
[root@homeros logs]# /etc/init.d/iptables status
Table: filter
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
num target prot opt source destination
1 ACCEPT all — 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
2 ACCEPT icmp — 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
3 ACCEPT all — 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
4 ACCEPT tcp — 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22
5 REJECT all — 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
num target prot opt source destination
1 REJECT all — 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
num target prot opt source destination

[root@homeros logs]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop // 关闭防火墙
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
[root@homeros logs]# /etc/init.d/iptables status
iptables: Firewall is not running.

推荐参考:

英文原文:http://www.ubuntugeek.com/ubuntu-networking-configuration-using-command-line.html

centos 永久关闭防火墙方法

原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/ithomer/article/details/6264881

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