Flask项目部署到Ubuntu上

前期准备

将在本地开发好的Flask项目打包，发送到云主机上，可以使用xftp等传输工具放到远程主机上。

安装python虚拟环境

<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> <span class="token function">install</span> python3-pip  
<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> <span class="token function">install</span> python3-pip  
sudo apt install python3-pip  

2.安装virtualenv

<span class="token function">sudo</span> pip <span class="token function">install</span> virtualenv <span class="token function">sudo</span> pip <span class="token function">install</span> virtualenvwrapper 
<span class="token function">sudo</span> pip <span class="token function">install</span> virtualenv <span class="token function">sudo</span> pip <span class="token function">install</span> virtualenvwrapper 
sudo pip install virtualenv sudo pip install virtualenvwrapper 

3.配置环境变量

 <span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable">WORKON_HOME</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$HOME</span>/.virtualenvs  <span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh 
 <span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable">WORKON_HOME</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$HOME</span>/.virtualenvs  <span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh 
 export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs  source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh 

4.刷新配置文件

<span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> ~/.bashrc 
<span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> ~/.bashrc 
source ~/.bashrc 

5.虚拟环境操作

mkvirtualenv 名称  mkvirtualenv -p python3 名称  workon  workon 名称  deactivate  
mkvirtualenv 名称  mkvirtualenv -p python3 名称  workon  workon 名称  deactivate  
mkvirtualenv 名称  mkvirtualenv -p python3 名称  workon  workon 名称  deactivate  

5.删除虚拟环境

rmvirtualenv 虚拟环境名称 例 ：删除虚拟环境py3_flask 先退出：deactivate 再删除：rmvirtualenv py3_flask 
rmvirtualenv 虚拟环境名称 例 ：删除虚拟环境py3_flask 先退出：deactivate 再删除：rmvirtualenv py3_flask 
rmvirtualenv 虚拟环境名称 例 ：删除虚拟环境py3_flask 先退出：deactivate 再删除：rmvirtualenv py3_flask 

6.问题

1./usr/bin/python: No module named virtualenvwrapper

错误原因：

Ubuntu安装了2.7和3.x两个版本的python,在安装时使用的是sudo pip3 install virtualenvwrapper在运行的时候默认使用的是python2.x,但在python2.x中不存在对应的模块

解决办法:

 <span class="token assign-left variable">VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON</span><span class="token operator">=</span>/usr/bin/python3 
 <span class="token assign-left variable">VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON</span><span class="token operator">=</span>/usr/bin/python3 
 VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3 

安装Nginx

sudo apt<span class="token operator">-</span>get install nginx 
sudo apt<span class="token operator">-</span>get install nginx 
sudo apt-get install nginx 

安装好Nginx后，系统会默认创建一个目录“/var/www/html”,若通过公网ip地址能够看到一个大写的Nginx界面就说明成功了。
Nginx配置文件路径：/etc/nginx/sites-available/default，后面会用到

安装环境

1.执行pip3 freeze > requirements.txt在本机中将项目所需的依赖输出到文本文件中。
在
2.在服务器中进入虚拟环境，在执行pip3 install -r requirements.txt安装所需依赖包
3.执行pip3 install uwsgi安装uwsgi

配置Nginx

vim <span class="token operator">/</span>etc/nginx/sites-available/default 
vim <span class="token operator">/</span>etc/nginx/sites-available/default 
vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/default 

修改文件如下所示

server <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>   listen 8002<span class="token punctuation">;</span>                 root <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token keyword">var</span><span class="token operator">/</span>www/Flask<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  index index<span class="token punctuation">.</span>html index<span class="token punctuation">.</span>htm index<span class="token punctuation">.</span>nginx-debian<span class="token punctuation">.</span>html<span class="token punctuation">;</span> server_name 公网ip<span class="token punctuation">(</span>或域名<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> location <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>   try_files <span class="token variable">$uri</span> <span class="token variable">$uri</span><span class="token operator">/</span> =404<span class="token punctuation">;</span> include uwsgi_params<span class="token punctuation">;</span> uwsgi_pass 127<span class="token punctuation">.</span>0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>1:8000<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  uwsgi_param UWSGI_PYHOME <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token keyword">var</span><span class="token operator">/</span>www/Flask/venv<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token keyword">var</span><span class="token operator">/</span>www/Flask<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT app:app<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> 
server <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>   listen 8002<span class="token punctuation">;</span>                 root <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token keyword">var</span><span class="token operator">/</span>www/Flask<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  index index<span class="token punctuation">.</span>html index<span class="token punctuation">.</span>htm index<span class="token punctuation">.</span>nginx-debian<span class="token punctuation">.</span>html<span class="token punctuation">;</span> server_name 公网ip<span class="token punctuation">(</span>或域名<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> location <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>   try_files <span class="token variable">$uri</span> <span class="token variable">$uri</span><span class="token operator">/</span> =404<span class="token punctuation">;</span> include uwsgi_params<span class="token punctuation">;</span> uwsgi_pass 127<span class="token punctuation">.</span>0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>1:8000<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  uwsgi_param UWSGI_PYHOME <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token keyword">var</span><span class="token operator">/</span>www/Flask/venv<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token keyword">var</span><span class="token operator">/</span>www/Flask<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT app:app<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> 
server {   listen 8002;                 root /var/www/Flask;  index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html; server_name 公网ip(或域名); location / {   try_files $uri $uri/ =404; include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000;  uwsgi_param UWSGI_PYHOME /var/www/Flask/venv;  uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /var/www/Flask;  uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT app:app; } } 

修改完成后重启Nignx服务

sudo service nginx restart 
sudo service nginx restart 
sudo service nginx restart 

配置uwsgi

 vim config<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ini 
 vim config<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ini 
 vim config.ini 

填入以下内容

   http = 内网ip:8002  <span class="token function">chdir</span> = <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token keyword">var</span><span class="token operator">/</span>www/Flask  wsgi-file = app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>py  callable = app  processes = 4  threads = 2  stats = 127<span class="token punctuation">.</span>0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>1:5000   daemonize = <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token keyword">var</span><span class="token operator">/</span>www/Flask/logs/uwsgi<span class="token punctuation">.</span>log 
   http = 内网ip:8002  <span class="token function">chdir</span> = <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token keyword">var</span><span class="token operator">/</span>www/Flask  wsgi-file = app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>py  callable = app  processes = 4  threads = 2  stats = 127<span class="token punctuation">.</span>0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>1:5000   daemonize = <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token keyword">var</span><span class="token operator">/</span>www/Flask/logs/uwsgi<span class="token punctuation">.</span>log 
   http = 内网ip:8002  chdir = /var/www/Flask  wsgi-file = app.py  callable = app  processes = 4  threads = 2  stats = 127.0.0.1:5000   daemonize = /var/www/Flask/logs/uwsgi.log 

最后执行uwsgi config.ini不出意外，flask项目就在后台执行起来了
在浏览器中输出域名(IP):端口即可访问

uwsgi开机自启动

1.首先需要将上面配置文件的daemonize改为logto，daemonize不仅告知了程序的日子文件输出位置还让程序后台运行，因此在系统启动的过程中会重复启动导致失败。

  logto <span class="token operator">=</span> /var/www/Flask/logs/uwsgi.log 
  logto <span class="token operator">=</span> /var/www/Flask/logs/uwsgi.log 
  logto = /var/www/Flask/logs/uwsgi.log 

2.创建开机启动项
在/ect/init.d中新建脚本startuwsgi.sh，并赋予755权限，写入一下内容

<span class="token shebang important">#!/bin/sh</span>          /usr/local/bin/uwsgi --ini /xxx/config.ini  
<span class="token shebang important">#!/bin/sh</span>          /usr/local/bin/uwsgi --ini /xxx/config.ini  
#!/bin/sh          /usr/local/bin/uwsgi --ini /xxx/config.ini  

3.使用update-rc.d使脚本开机运行,然后重启即可完成

update-rc.d startuwsgi.sh defaults <span class="token number">99</span>  
update-rc.d startuwsgi.sh defaults <span class="token number">99</span>  
update-rc.d startuwsgi.sh defaults 99  

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39212776/article/details/81321055

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43435307/article/details/122672073