Docker-Compose.yml详解-陌上烟雨遥

本文是基于version 3

build

在构建时应用的配置选项。
build 可以指定为包含构建上下文路径的字符串：


<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">webapp</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ./dir 
<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">webapp</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ./dir 
version: "3.7" services: webapp: build: ./dir

或者，作为具有在context下指定的路径的对象，以及可选的Dockerfile和args：


<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">webapp</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ./dir <span class="token key atrule">dockerfile</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Dockerfile<span class="token punctuation">-</span>alternate <span class="token key atrule">args</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">buildno</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span> 
<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">webapp</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ./dir <span class="token key atrule">dockerfile</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Dockerfile<span class="token punctuation">-</span>alternate <span class="token key atrule">args</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">buildno</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span> 
version: "3.7" services: webapp: build: context: ./dir dockerfile: Dockerfile-alternate args: buildno: 1

如果你同时指定image和build，则compose会通过build指定的目录构建容器镜像，而构建的镜像名为image中指定的镜像名和标签。


<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ./dir <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> webapp<span class="token punctuation">:</span>tag 
<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ./dir <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> webapp<span class="token punctuation">:</span>tag 
build: ./dir image: webapp:tag

包含Dockerfile的目录的路径，或者git存储库的URL。

当提供的值是相对路径时，它将被解释为相对于Compose文件的位置。该目录还是发送到Docker守护程序的构建上下文。

Compose用生成的名称构建并标记它，然后使用该镜像。


<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ./dir 
<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ./dir 
build: context: ./dir

备用Dockerfile。

Compose使用一个替代文件进行构建。还必须指定一个构建路径。


<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">dockerfile</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Dockerfile<span class="token punctuation">-</span>alternate 
<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">dockerfile</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Dockerfile<span class="token punctuation">-</span>alternate 
build: context: . dockerfile: Dockerfile-alternate

添加构建镜像的参数，环境变量只能在构建过程中访问。
首先，在Dockerfile中指定要使用的参数：


ARG buildno ARG gitcommithash <span class="token key atrule">RUN echo "Build number</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> $buildno" <span class="token key atrule">RUN echo "Based on commit</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> $gitcommithash" 
ARG buildno ARG gitcommithash <span class="token key atrule">RUN echo "Build number</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> $buildno" <span class="token key atrule">RUN echo "Based on commit</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> $gitcommithash" 
ARG buildno ARG gitcommithash RUN echo "Build number: $buildno" RUN echo "Based on commit: $gitcommithash"

然后在args键下指定参数。你可以传递映射或列表：


<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">args</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">buildno</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token key atrule">gitcommithash</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> cdc3b19 12345 <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">args</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> buildno=1 <span class="token punctuation">-</span> gitcommithash=cdc3b19 
<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">args</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">buildno</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token key atrule">gitcommithash</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> cdc3b19 12345 <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">args</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> buildno=1 <span class="token punctuation">-</span> gitcommithash=cdc3b19 
build: context: . args: buildno: 1 gitcommithash: cdc3b19 12345 build: context: . args: - buildno=1 - gitcommithash=cdc3b19

可以在指定构建参数时忽略该值，在这种情况下，构建时的值就是运行Compose的环境中的值。


<span class="token key atrule">args</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> buildno <span class="token punctuation">-</span> gitcommithash 
<span class="token key atrule">args</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> buildno <span class="token punctuation">-</span> gitcommithash 
args: - buildno - gitcommithash

注：YAML布尔值（true，false，yes，no，on，off）必须用引号括起来，这样分析器会将它们解释为字符串。

注意：此选项是v3.2中的新增功能
指定缓存的镜像列表。
(等同于 docker container build –cache_from 的作用)


<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">cache_from</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> alpine<span class="token punctuation">:</span>latest <span class="token punctuation">-</span> corp/web_app<span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token number">3.14</span> 
<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">cache_from</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> alpine<span class="token punctuation">:</span>latest <span class="token punctuation">-</span> corp/web_app<span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token number">3.14</span> 
build: context: . cache_from: - alpine:latest - corp/web_app:3.14

注意：此选项是v3.3中的新增功能
使用Docker标签将元数据添加到生成的图像中。您可以使用数组或字典。
我们建议您使用反向DNS表示法，以防止标签与其他软件使用的标签冲突。
(等同于 docker container build –labels 的作用)


<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">labels</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">com.example.description</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Accounting webapp"</span> <span class="token key atrule">com.example.department</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Finance"</span> <span class="token key atrule">com.example.label-with-empty-value</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">""</span> 123456 <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">labels</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token string">"com.example.description=Accounting webapp"</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token string">"com.example.department=Finance"</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token string">"com.example.label-with-empty-value"</span> 
<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">labels</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">com.example.description</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Accounting webapp"</span> <span class="token key atrule">com.example.department</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Finance"</span> <span class="token key atrule">com.example.label-with-empty-value</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">""</span> 123456 <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">labels</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token string">"com.example.description=Accounting webapp"</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token string">"com.example.department=Finance"</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token string">"com.example.label-with-empty-value"</span> 
build: context: . labels: com.example.description: "Accounting webapp" com.example.department: "Finance" com.example.label-with-empty-value: "" 123456 build: context: . labels: - "com.example.description=Accounting webapp" - "com.example.department=Finance" - "com.example.label-with-empty-value"

注意：以3.5版文件格式添加
设置 /dev/shm 此构建容器的分区大小。指定为表示字节数的整数值或表示字节值的字符串。(等同于 docker container build –shm-size 的作用)


<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">shm_size</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">'2gb'</span> 123 <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">shm_size</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">10000000</span> 
<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">shm_size</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">'2gb'</span> 123 <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">context</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">shm_size</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">10000000</span> 
build: context: . shm_size: '2gb' 123 build: context: . shm_size: 10000000

cap_add，cap_drop

添加或删除容器功能。（ps:没用过）


<span class="token key atrule">cap_add</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> ALL <span class="token key atrule">cap_drop</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> NET_ADMIN <span class="token punctuation">-</span> SYS_ADMIN 
<span class="token key atrule">cap_add</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> ALL <span class="token key atrule">cap_drop</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> NET_ADMIN <span class="token punctuation">-</span> SYS_ADMIN 
cap_add: - ALL cap_drop: - NET_ADMIN - SYS_ADMIN

cgroup_parent

为容器指定一个可选的父cgroup。（ps:没用过）


<span class="token key atrule">cgroup_parent</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> m<span class="token punctuation">-</span>executor<span class="token punctuation">-</span>abcd 
<span class="token key atrule">cgroup_parent</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> m<span class="token punctuation">-</span>executor<span class="token punctuation">-</span>abcd 
cgroup_parent: m-executor-abcd

command

覆盖默认命令。


<span class="token key atrule">command</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> bundle exec thin <span class="token punctuation">-</span>p 3000 
<span class="token key atrule">command</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> bundle exec thin <span class="token punctuation">-</span>p 3000 
command: bundle exec thin -p 3000

支持 shell 格式和 [] 格式


<span class="token key atrule">command</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"bundle"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"exec"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"thin"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"-p"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"3000"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> 
<span class="token key atrule">command</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"bundle"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"exec"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"thin"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"-p"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"3000"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> 
command: ["bundle", "exec", "thin", "-p", "3000"]

configs

container_name

指定自定义容器名称，而不是生成的默认名称。
由于Docker容器名称必须唯一，因此如果您指定了自定义名称，则不能将服务扩展到1个以上的容器。尝试这样做会导致错误。
(等同于 docker run –name 的作用)


<span class="token key atrule">container_name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>web<span class="token punctuation">-</span>container 
<span class="token key atrule">container_name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>web<span class="token punctuation">-</span>container 
container_name: my-web-container

credential_spec

depends_on

定义容器启动顺序 (此选项解决了容器之间的依赖关系，此选项在 v3 版本中使用 swarm 部署时将忽略该选项)
示例

docker-compose up 以依赖顺序启动服务，下面例子中 redis 和 db 服务在 web 启动前启动
默认情况下使用 docker-compose up web 这样的方式启动 web 服务时，也会启动 redis 和 db 两个服务，因为在配置文件中定义了依赖关系
docker-compose stop按依赖关系顺序停止服务。在以下示例中，web在db和redis之前停止。


<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">web</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">depends_on</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> db <span class="token punctuation">-</span> redis <span class="token key atrule">redis</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> redis <span class="token key atrule">db</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> postgres 
<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">web</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> . <span class="token key atrule">depends_on</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> db <span class="token punctuation">-</span> redis <span class="token key atrule">redis</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> redis <span class="token key atrule">db</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> postgres 
version: "3.7" services: web: build: . depends_on: - db - redis redis: image: redis db: image: postgres

deploy

注意：仅版本3。
指定与部署和运行服务相关的配置, deploy 部分是 docker stack 使用的, docker stack 依赖 docker swarm，并且被忽略docker-compose up和docker-compose run。

v3.3 版本中新增的功能, 指定服务暴露的方式

endpoint_mode: vip-Docker为服务分配了虚拟IP（VIP），该虚拟IP充当客户端访问网络上服务的前端。Docker在客户端与服务的可用工作节点之间路由请求，而客户端却不知道有多少节点正在参与服务或其IP地址或端口。（这是默认设置。）
endpoint_mode: dnsrr-DNS轮询（DNSRR）服务发现不使用单个虚拟IP。Docker设置服务的DNS条目，以便对服务名称的DNS查询返回IP地址列表，并且客户端直接连接到其中之一。在需要使用自己的负载平衡器或混合Windows和Linux应用程序的情况下，DNS轮询很有用。


<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">wordpress</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> wordpress <span class="token key atrule">ports</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token string">"8080:80"</span> <span class="token key atrule">networks</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> overlay <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">mode</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> replicated <span class="token key atrule">replicas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token key atrule">endpoint_mode</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> vip <span class="token key atrule">mysql</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> mysql <span class="token key atrule">volumes</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> db<span class="token punctuation">-</span>data<span class="token punctuation">:</span>/var/lib/mysql/data <span class="token key atrule">networks</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> overlay <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">mode</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> replicated <span class="token key atrule">replicas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token key atrule">endpoint_mode</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> dnsrr <span class="token key atrule">volumes</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">db-data</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">networks</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">overlay</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 
<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">wordpress</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> wordpress <span class="token key atrule">ports</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token string">"8080:80"</span> <span class="token key atrule">networks</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> overlay <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">mode</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> replicated <span class="token key atrule">replicas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token key atrule">endpoint_mode</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> vip <span class="token key atrule">mysql</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> mysql <span class="token key atrule">volumes</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> db<span class="token punctuation">-</span>data<span class="token punctuation">:</span>/var/lib/mysql/data <span class="token key atrule">networks</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> overlay <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">mode</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> replicated <span class="token key atrule">replicas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token key atrule">endpoint_mode</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> dnsrr <span class="token key atrule">volumes</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">db-data</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">networks</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">overlay</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 
version: "3.7" services: wordpress: image: wordpress ports: - "8080:80" networks: - overlay deploy: mode: replicated replicas: 2 endpoint_mode: vip mysql: image: mysql volumes: - db-data:/var/lib/mysql/data networks: - overlay deploy: mode: replicated replicas: 2 endpoint_mode: dnsrr volumes: db-data: networks: overlay:

指定服务标签。这些标签仅在服务上设置，而不在服务的任何容器上设置。


<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">web</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> web <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">labels</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">com.example.description</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"This label will appear on the web service"</span> 
<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">web</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> web <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">labels</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">com.example.description</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"This label will appear on the web service"</span> 
version: "3.7" services: web: image: web deploy: labels: com.example.description: "This label will appear on the web service"

要在容器上设置标签，请使用deploy之外使用labels


<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">web</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> web <span class="token key atrule">labels</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">com.example.description</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"This label will appear on all containers for the web service"</span> 
<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">web</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> web <span class="token key atrule">labels</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">com.example.description</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"This label will appear on all containers for the web service"</span> 
version: "3.7" services: web: image: web labels: com.example.description: "This label will appear on all containers for the web service"

指定 deploy 的模式


<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">worker</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> dockersamples/examplevotingapp_worker <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>  global  replicated 
<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">worker</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> dockersamples/examplevotingapp_worker <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>  global  replicated 
version: "3.7" services: worker: image: dockersamples/examplevotingapp_worker deploy:  global  replicated

如果服务是replicated（默认）服务，请指定在任何给定时间应运行的容器数。


<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">worker</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> dockersamples/examplevotingapp_worker <span class="token key atrule">networks</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> frontend <span class="token punctuation">-</span> backend <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">mode</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> replicated <span class="token key atrule">replicas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">6</span> 
<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">worker</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> dockersamples/examplevotingapp_worker <span class="token key atrule">networks</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> frontend <span class="token punctuation">-</span> backend <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">mode</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> replicated <span class="token key atrule">replicas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">6</span> 
version: "3.7" services: worker: image: dockersamples/examplevotingapp_worker networks: - frontend - backend deploy: mode: replicated replicas: 6

资源限制
在此一般示例中，redis服务被限制为使用不超过50M的内存和0.50（不超过单个内核的50％）可用处理时间（CPU），并且具有保留20M的内存和0.25CPU时间（始终可用）。


<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">redis</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> redis<span class="token punctuation">:</span>alpine <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">resources</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>  <span class="token key atrule">limits</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">cpus</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">'0.50'</span> <span class="token key atrule">memory</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 50M  <span class="token key atrule">reservations</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">cpus</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">'0.25'</span> <span class="token key atrule">memory</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 20M 
<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">redis</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> redis<span class="token punctuation">:</span>alpine <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">resources</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>  <span class="token key atrule">limits</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">cpus</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">'0.50'</span> <span class="token key atrule">memory</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 50M  <span class="token key atrule">reservations</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">cpus</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">'0.25'</span> <span class="token key atrule">memory</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 20M 
version: "3.7" services: redis: image: redis:alpine deploy: resources:  limits: cpus: '0.50' memory: 50M  reservations: cpus: '0.25' memory: 20M

内存不足异常（OOME）
如果服务或容器尝试使用的内存超出系统可用的内存，则可能会遇到内存不足异常（OOME），并且内核OOM杀手可能会杀死容器或Docker守护程序。为防止这种情况的发生，请确保应用程序在具有足够内存的主机上运行。

配置是否以及如何在退出容器时重新启动容器。替换 restart。

定义容器重启策略(接受三个参数)

none 不尝试重启
on-failure 只有当容器内部应用程序出现问题才会重启
any 无论如何都会尝试重启(默认)

尝试重启的间隔时间(默认为 0s)

放弃之前尝试重新启动容器的次数（默认值：一直重启）。如果重启未在configure内成功完成 window，则此尝试不会计入配置max_attempts值。例如，如果max_attempts设置为“ 2”，并且第一次尝试重启失败，则可能会尝试两次以上重启。

检查重启是否成功之前的等待时间(即如果容器启动了, 隔多少秒之后去检测容器是否正常, 默认 0s)。


<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">redis</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> redis<span class="token punctuation">:</span>alpine <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">restart_policy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">condition</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> on<span class="token punctuation">-</span>failure <span class="token key atrule">delay</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 5s <span class="token key atrule">max_attempts</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token key atrule">window</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 120s 
<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">redis</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> redis<span class="token punctuation">:</span>alpine <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">restart_policy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">condition</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> on<span class="token punctuation">-</span>failure <span class="token key atrule">delay</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 5s <span class="token key atrule">max_attempts</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token key atrule">window</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 120s 
version: "3.7" services: redis: image: redis:alpine deploy: restart_policy: condition: on-failure delay: 5s max_attempts: 3 window: 120s

注意：3.7版文件格式及更高版本
配置在更新失败的情况下应如何回滚服务。

一次要回滚的容器数。如果设置为0，则所有容器将同时回滚。

每个容器组回滚之间等待的时间（默认为0s）。

回滚失败策略（默认pause）

continue 跳过
pause 暂停

更新每个任务以监视失败后的持续时间(ns|us|ms|s|m|h)（默认为0s）。

在回滚期间可以容忍的故障率（默认为0）。

回滚期间的操作顺序。（默认stop-first）

stop-first 旧任务，开始新的一个前停止
start-first 新的任务首先启动，并且正在运行的任务简单地重叠

配置应如何更新服务。对于配置滚动更新很有用。


<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">vote</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> dockersamples/examplevotingapp_vote<span class="token punctuation">:</span>before <span class="token key atrule">depends_on</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> redis <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">replicas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token key atrule">update_config</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">parallelism</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token key atrule">delay</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 10s <span class="token key atrule">order</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> stop<span class="token punctuation">-</span>first 
<span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"3.7"</span> <span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">vote</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> dockersamples/examplevotingapp_vote<span class="token punctuation">:</span>before <span class="token key atrule">depends_on</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">-</span> redis <span class="token key atrule">deploy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">replicas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token key atrule">update_config</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token key atrule">parallelism</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token key atrule">delay</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 10s <span class="token key atrule">order</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> stop<span class="token punctuation">-</span>first 
version: "3.7" services: vote: image: dockersamples/examplevotingapp_vote:before depends_on: - redis deploy: replicas: 2 update_config: parallelism: 2 delay: 10s order: stop-first

一次更新的容器数。

在更新一组容器之间等待的时间。

如果更新失败，该怎么办。（默认pause）

continue 继续更新
rollback 回滚更新
pause 暂停更新(默认)

更新每个任务以监视失败后的持续时间(ns|us|ms|s|m|h)（默认为0s）。

更新期间可以容忍的故障率。

注：仅支持V3.4及更高版本。
更新期间的操作顺序。（默认stop-first）

stop-first 旧任务，开始新的一个前停止
start-first 新的任务首先启动，并且正在运行的任务简单地重叠

注意：
支持 docker-compose up 和 docker-compose run 但不支持 docker stack deploy 的子选项

build
cgroup_parent
container_name
devices
tmpfs
external_links
links
network_mode
restart
security_opt
userns_mode

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36306519/article/details/130878264?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168994567316800182722850%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fblog.%2522%257D&request_id=168994567316800182722850&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~blog~first_rank_ecpm_v1~times_rank-25-130878264-null-null.268%5Ev1%5Ekoosearch&utm_term=docker%E3%80%81wordpress%E3%80%81wordpress%E5%BB%BA%E7%AB%99%E3%80%81wordpress%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98%E3%80%81%E5%AE%B9%E5%99%A8%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F%E3%80%81

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