Ubuntu上安装Docker的步骤和指南

安装docker

Docker是一种流行的容器化平台，可以在Ubuntu操作系统上轻松部署和管理应用程序。本文将详细介绍在Ubuntu上安装Docker的步骤和指南。无多余话术，纯干货，对于初学者或者刚接触的小伙伴都有着很大的帮助。

我们在安装Docker之前，首先要确保系统是最新的，以获取最新的软件包和修复的安全漏洞。打开终端，并执行以下命令：

<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> update <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> upgrade <span class="token parameter variable">-y</span> 
<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> update <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> upgrade <span class="token parameter variable">-y</span> 
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade -y 

我们都知道，Docker在Ubuntu上运行需要一些软件依赖项。使用以下命令安装这些依赖项：

<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> <span class="token function">install</span> apt-transport-https ca-certificates <span class="token function">curl</span> software-properties-common 
<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> <span class="token function">install</span> apt-transport-https ca-certificates <span class="token function">curl</span> software-properties-common 
sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common 

我们还需要添加Docker官方的GPG密钥以验证下载的软件包。执行以下命令导入密钥：

<span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-fsSL</span> https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sudo</span> gpg <span class="token parameter variable">--dearmor</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-o</span> /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg 
<span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-fsSL</span> https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sudo</span> gpg <span class="token parameter variable">--dearmor</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-o</span> /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg 
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg 

向系统添加Docker软件源，以便能够从官方仓库安装Docker。执行以下命令：

<span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">"deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu <span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span>lsb_release <span class="token parameter variable">-cs</span><span class="token variable">)</span></span> stable"</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">tee</span> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list <span class="token operator">></span> /dev/null 
<span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">"deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu <span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span>lsb_release <span class="token parameter variable">-cs</span><span class="token variable">)</span></span> stable"</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">tee</span> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list <span class="token operator">></span> /dev/null 
echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null 

现在，我们可以安装Docker Engine了。使用以下命令来进行安装：

<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> update <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> <span class="token function">install</span> docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io 
<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> update <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> <span class="token function">install</span> docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io 
sudo apt update sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io 

安装完成后，启动Docker服务，并设置为开机自启动：

sudo systemctl start docker sudo systemctl enable docker 
sudo systemctl start docker sudo systemctl enable docker 
sudo systemctl start docker sudo systemctl enable docker 

最后，我们可以验证Docker是否正确安装并正常工作。运行以下命令：

<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">docker</span> run hello-world 
<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">docker</span> run hello-world 
sudo docker run hello-world 

打开终端，然后执行以下命令：

<span class="token function">docker</span> version 
<span class="token function">docker</span> version 
docker version 

这个命令会输出Docker客户端和服务器的版本信息。

如果你只想查看Docker客户端的版本信息，可以使用以下命令：

<span class="token function">docker</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--version</span> 
<span class="token function">docker</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--version</span> 
docker --version 

这个命令将只显示Docker客户端的版本号。

卸载docker

如果我们想要在Ubuntu上卸载Docke的话r可以按照以下步骤进行操作

首先，我们需要停止所有正在运行的Docker容器，打开终端，并输入以下命令以停止正在运行的Docker容器：

<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">docker</span> stop <span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span><span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">docker</span> <span class="token function">ps</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-aq</span><span class="token variable">)</span></span> 
<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">docker</span> stop <span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span><span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">docker</span> <span class="token function">ps</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-aq</span><span class="token variable">)</span></span> 
sudo docker stop $(sudo docker ps -aq) 

第二步就是，使用以下命令来卸载Docker软件包及其依赖项：

<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io 
<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io 
sudo apt remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io 

第三步就是，我们需要删除Docker相关的配置文件和数据，要删除Docker相关的配置文件和数据，执行以下命令：

<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">rm</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-rf</span> /var/lib/docker 
<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">rm</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-rf</span> /var/lib/docker 
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker 

如果你不再计划重新安装Docker，可以选择删除Docker用户组。要删除Docker用户组，使用以下命令：

<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">groupdel</span> <span class="token function">docker</span> 
<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">groupdel</span> <span class="token function">docker</span> 
sudo groupdel docker 

如果你想清理掉任何与Docker相关的残留文件，可以执行以下命令：

<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">rm</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-rf</span> /etc/docker 
<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">rm</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-rf</span> /etc/docker 
sudo rm -rf /etc/docker 

最后注意：这些步骤将删除所有与Docker相关的文件、配置和数据。在执行这些步骤之前，请确保你已经备份了重要的Docker容器和数据，并且确认不再需要它们。

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44427181/article/details/131825414?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522171836840916800226555627%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fblog.%2522%257D&request_id=171836840916800226555627&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~blog~first_rank_ecpm_v1~times_rank-2-131825414-null-null.nonecase&utm_term=docker%E3%80%81%E5%A5%BD%E7%94%A8